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美國(guó)Caterpillar公司研發(fā)了一款錐閥式高速開(kāi)關(guān)閥,如圖5所示。該閥的閥芯設(shè)計(jì)為中空結(jié)構(gòu),降低了運(yùn)動(dòng)質(zhì)量,提高了響應(yīng)速度與加速度。其將復(fù)位彈簧從銜鐵位置移動(dòng)至閥芯中間部位,使得閥芯在尾部受到電磁力,中間部位受到彈簧回復(fù)力,在運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中更加穩(wěn)定。但是此設(shè)計(jì)使得閥芯前后座有較高的同軸度要求,初始?xì)庀杜c閥芯行程調(diào)節(jié)較難,加工難度高,制造成本大。該閥開(kāi)啟、關(guān)閉時(shí)間為1ms左右,目前已經(jīng)在電控燃油噴射系統(tǒng)中得到運(yùn)用。美國(guó)Sturman Industries公司開(kāi)發(fā)了基于數(shù)字閥的電噴系統(tǒng),其系統(tǒng)所用高速開(kāi)關(guān)閥最小響應(yīng)時(shí)間可達(dá)0.15ms。
圖4 貴州紅林HSV高速開(kāi)關(guān)閥Fig.4 HSV high-speed on/off valve
圖5 Caterpillar公司的錐閥式高速開(kāi)關(guān)閥Fig.5 Poppet high-speed on/off valve of Caterpillar
除了采用傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)的高速開(kāi)關(guān)閥,新型的數(shù)字閥結(jié)構(gòu)也是研究的重點(diǎn)。明尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)(University of Minnesota)設(shè)計(jì)了一種通過(guò)PWM信號(hào)控制的高速開(kāi)關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)閥,如圖6所示。該閥的閥芯表面呈螺旋形,PWM信號(hào)與閥芯的轉(zhuǎn)速成比例。傳統(tǒng)直線運(yùn)動(dòng)閥芯運(yùn)動(dòng)需要克服閥芯慣性而造成的電機(jī)械轉(zhuǎn)換器功率較大,而該閥的驅(qū)動(dòng)功率與閥芯行程無(wú)關(guān)。從實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果可知,在試驗(yàn)壓力小于10 MPa的情況下,該閥流量可以達(dá)到40L/min,頻響100Hz,驅(qū)動(dòng)功率30 W。
R900249275 4WRKE25W6-350L-3X/6EG24ETK31/A1D3M